From AI-powered interviews to adaptive testing, English proficiency exams are moving beyond rote evaluation to focus on ...

An ad hoc committee will evaluate the different approaches that exist to assess foreign language proficiency and that the State Department's Foreign Service Institute (FSI) could potentially use to ...

Per Arts & Sciences college requirements, many Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees require the completion of at least eight semester hours of work in a modern or classical language. Some ...

IELTS in India will fully transition to a computer-based format starting September 2026. Paper-based testing will conclude ...

Misty Adoniou works for the University of Canberra. She has received funding from government and non-government organisations to research refugee orientation, spelling, writing and teacher standards.

Suggested Citation: "3 Language Constructs and Language Use." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. A Principled Approach to Language Assessment: Considerations for the U.S.